b-ockmann



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.) W. BOOKMANN.

Fountain.

Patented Ja n. 4, 1881.

.Zizwnfar N. PETERS, PMOTQ-u'ruoGRAPuER, WASHINGTON. D

2 ShetsSheet 2.

(No Model.) -W. BOGKMANN.

Fountain.

Paten ted Jan. 4,1881.

N-FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WAQWNGTON. D C,

ArnNr WILHELM BGOKMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

FOUNTAIN.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 236,297, dated January 4, 1881.

Application filed October 12, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM BooKMANN, of Berlin, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oontrivances for Feeding Fountains, Cascades, &c., with Water, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to' the accompanying drawings.

Myinvention relates to fountains for producing artificially and displayingjets or streams of water, and comprises apparatus whereby the pressure of the water in such fountains may be utilized for raising over again a portion of the water which has already been used, so that the same comes into playagain before it escapes.

By means of my invention I can, with a proportionately small quantity of water at a high pressure, produce a considerably greater effect than can be obtained with fountains or cascades of the construction hitherto in use, as according to this invention most of the water which has been'used is raised again by means of ejector or injector apparatus hereinafter described, and is again brought into play before it is allowed to escape. By using an ejector or injector arrangement I am enabled to provide fountains or cascades with an apparently large quantity of water at places where this has hitherto been impossible owing to the lack of means for fully utilizing the water that was accessible.

In the annexed drawings is illustrated, by way of example, the application of my invention to a terra-cotta fountain.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of such a fountain constructed according to my invention. Fig.2 is ahorizontal section on the line X X, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar section on the line Y Y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation, on an enlarged sca1e,'of an ejector constructed according to myinvention. Fig. 5 is a section of the same on the line Z Z, Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows,in sectional elevation, an ejector for the top of fountains constructed according to my invention. Fig. 7 is a similar view, illustratin g the construction of an ejector designed to be used in one or more places between the top and base of 'a fountain constructed according to my invention.

In carrying the said invention into practice (No model.)

a frame is arranged in a hollow center column of the structure forming the fountain, which frame consists of a bottom plate, f, three uprights, f, and a triangular top plate, f This frame carries the whole ejection arrangement. The principal water-supply pipe, a, has three branches, to a a which have their outlets above, at different heights, through ejectors b b Z2 This arrangement allows the whole system of pipes and ejectors to beset up, adjusted, and tried under the same conditions of working" as, but before they are inclosed in, the structure which is to form the fountain, and which structure usually comprises the basins.

The ejector b is shown in Fig. 4., and its construction is substantially the same as that of the other ejectors I use. The principle thereof needs no special description, as it is analogous to that well known and generally adopted in the construction of injectors for steam-boilers.

One peculiar feature of this invention is the facility with which the cones and nozzles of the ejectors may be adjusted to suit the varying circumstances which have to be considered in this class of apparatus--namely, the pressure in the inain'ou which is dependent the speed of discharge into the feed pipe or pipes, the height to which the wateris to rise, and the ornamental effects-to be produced. I

obtain the desired result by giving a suitable area to the outlet or nozzle h of the water-supply pipe, by suitably arranging the diameter and shape of the mouth-piece h of the ejector or injector cone, and by properly adjusting the relative position to each other of the two openings just mentioned. It would be impossible exactly to fix or describe these circumstances beforehand for every case. The injectors or ejectors are therefore so constructed that they are supported. In simple fountains the channel hereinbefore alluded to is generally dispensed with, and the base-plate aforesaid may be laid on the ground, where, in such cases, the water-supply pipe is generally fixed.

9* isa long nut or pipecoupling, held in its position by a lock-nut above, and so arranged that the outlet or nozzle it can be raised or lowered, as may be required, by turning the Said nut or coupling The supply-pipes a a a pass through suitable bushes in the base-plate f, so that the aperture may be water-tight.

A three-armed bridge-piece,f is provided, and by means of bolts keeps the cone tight against the jet-pipe, and at the same time serves always to keep the nozzle in an exactly central position.

The ejectors b and b (shown in Figs. 6 and 7) are constructed in a manner similar to that herein described with reference to the ejector I). The ejector I) is accurately regulated by the insertion ofthe intermediate piece, 0, which may be of any suitable form, and containsthe outlet and the cone. Both the outlet and the cone may be changed or altered to suit varying circumstances.

In the upper ejector, b the nozzle or outlet h is fixed; but the position of the cone h may be altered or adjusted by means of the screwthread on the outside of the supply-pipe, the desired position being attained by turning the said cone, which is provided with a corresponding female screw-thread on its inner side.

The nozzle or the cone, or both of them if necessary, may be changed. The jet-pipes e 6 c are secured to the branch supply-pipes by means of suitable annular coupling-joints, 9*. g g g are stop-cocks or valves for regulating the flow of water.

A fountain so constructed will be operated as followsthatis to say: When the fountain is to be put in action the water is admitted into the jet-pipe e by opening the valve ,-Fig. 1, of the branch supply-pipe a, unless the pipe 6 is fed direct from the main. The water from this pipe 0 flows into an annular distributer, 0, provided with small outlets. It fills this distributer and escapes into the basin B ofthe fountain through outlets at the side, which outlets may be of an ornamental shape such, for instance, as that shown in the drawings. As soon as the basin B is tilled with water the valve g, admitting water from the branch pipe a to the pipe 6, is opened. The water thereupon enters the ejector apparatus 1), in closed in a box, b*, which communicates with the basin B by means of a tube and suctionhead, (I, and these parts become filled with water to the same level as that in the basin aforesaid. The jet of water which is being discharged has an etfect both of suction and ejection, and raises a portion of the water contained in the basin B into the basin 0 above. The latter, however, soon returns its contents into the lower basin, as shown in Fig. 1, and thus a kind of circulation is effected by the constant exchange of water between these basins. The quantity of water being, however, still further increased by the jets emitted by the tubes 0 and 6 through their ejectors, the lowest basin, A, is also gradually tilled, and this starts the ejector 1), which raises some of the water in the basin A into the d st-ributerc, and this water thus returns into the basin B. Thus I effect adonble circulation ofthe water namely, between the basins A and B and between the latter and the distributer c. In order to improve the effect, place a third ejector, W, in the upper mouth of the jet-pipe a and thus an ornamental jet of water may be produced, which, if suitable outlet-cones or other mouth-pieces are employed, will assume any desired shape, such as that of a sheaf, a bell, or the like. This ejector b will at the same time assist or expedite the motion of the water in thejet-pipe, and thus increase the supply to the top basin, (1. For the first purpose, according to experiments made by me, a cone or outlet of only about three millimeters diameter is amply Sufficient to supply and bring into full play that kind of month-piece which is well known, and which ordinarily requires an orifice of twenty millimeters diameter. It the fountain has already been in play, or if the basins are filled by other means, the action of the three ejectors will at once bring it into full play; but it is to be remarked that experiments have shown it to be advisable to cause the water to rise as slowly as possible at first, in order to produce the appearance of the greatest possiblequantity of water in motion and play with the smallest possibleactual expenditure of water, which quantity is used according to this invention under the highest procurable pressure.

It is notimpossiblc to raise the water to the highestpoint required by means of a single ejector, and this method is the only means for adapting many of the existing fountains (especially those made of stone) which do not afford suflicient room in their interior to fix the rest of the above-described arrangements. The single-ejector arrangement will also tind frequent application in the construction of small fountains where it is not required to lift the water to avery great height-say not above two meters. If, however, the water is raised gradually, as hereinbei'ore described, very effective fountains can be provided by means of high pressure-such, for example, as that commonly existing in thewater-mains oflarge towns-without the hitherto unavoidable disproportionate waste of water.

The method of carrying this invention into practice will vary according to the nature of each case, and I have above only set forth an illustrative instance, which, however, will make clear to any one acquainted with such subjects the broad principle upon which my improvements are based, and which may readily be applied either to new fountains (which maybe built of te rra-cotta or othersnitable material) or to existing" ones;

What I claim is 1. In a fountain, cascade, or the like, the combination, with a water-main, of aseries of injectors or ejectors 7 arranged at different heights and connected to said main by separate supply-pipes, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a Water-main and a series of fountain-basins arranged one above another, of a series of injectors or ejectors,

connected with said main and arranged to discharge water into said basins, respectively,

certainof said injectors 0r ejectors being arranged to raise Water from a lower to higher basin, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

This specification signed by me this 10th day of July, 1880. WILHELM BOGKMANN.

Witnesses:

FRANZ SOHULTZE, BERTHOLD R01. 

